"If" sentences اف الشرطية "إذ"
First: If + present form + present form
(أذا+ مضارع + مضارع بسيط)
"If you heat ice, it melts."
إذا سخنت الثلج فإنه يذوب
In this type of sentence, you could use when instead of if. It's always true that when you heat ice it melts. This is why this type of sentence is sometimes called a zero conditional.
Second: If + present form, + will, can or may
(أذا+ مضارع + سوف، يستطيع أو ربما)
"If I am late, I will call you."
إذا كنت متأخر فسوف اتصل بك
"If you need me, you can call me at home."
"If it gets any hotter, we may have a thunder storm."
In these sentences (or first conditional sentences), there is a strong possibility that the first part (coming after if) is going to happen. The second part says what will happen as a result.
Third: If + past form + would, could or might
(إذا + ماضي + would, could or might)
"If I got a pay rise, I would buy a new car."
إذا حصلت على زيادة في الراتب فسأشتري سيارة
"If you left your job, you could travel around the world."
"If you were nicer to him, he might lend you the money."
In these sentences, the first part with if shows that the event is unlikely to happen. In English, we often use this type of sentence (called a second conditional) to talk about hypotheses, or imaginary future events.
For example, "If I was President of the United States, I would change some laws." إذا كنت رئيس الولايات المتحدة الامريكية ، فإني ساغير بعض القوانين
But I know that I'll never be the President of the USA - I'm just saying what I would do if I was in his/her position. Note: in American English, it is correct to use "if I were…" In British English, it's more common to say "if I was…"
Fourth: If + past perfect + would/might/could have done
(إذأ + ماضي تام + would/might/could have done )
"If we had gone out earlier, we might have got to the cinema on time."
إذا كنا ذهبنا مبكرين ، كان يمكن ان نصل الى السينما في الوقت المناسب
"If I had revised, I would have passed my exams."
"If you had told me there was a problem, I could have helped."
In these sentences (or third conditional sentences), the first part of the sentence with if didn't happen. So there is no possibility of the second part of the sentence happening. I didn't revise, so I didn't pass my exams and there is nothing I can do about it now. English speakers use this type of sentence to show how things could have been different.
Goooooooooooooood Luck
"If" sentences اف الشرطية
إذا
إذا
There are four main types of if sentences in English, often called conditional sentences.
هناك أربع انواع لـ جمل اف الشرطية
هناك أربع انواع لـ جمل اف الشرطية
First: If + present form + present form
(أذا+ مضارع + مضارع بسيط)
"If you heat ice, it melts."
إذا سخنت الثلج فإنه يذوب
In this type of sentence, you could use when instead of if. It's always true that when you heat ice it melts. This is why this type of sentence is sometimes called a zero conditional.
Second: If + present form, + will, can or may
(أذا+ مضارع + سوف، يستطيع أو ربما)
"If I am late, I will call you."
إذا كنت متأخر فسوف اتصل بك
"If you need me, you can call me at home."
"If it gets any hotter, we may have a thunder storm."
In these sentences (or first conditional sentences), there is a strong possibility that the first part (coming after if) is going to happen. The second part says what will happen as a result.
Third: If + past form + would, could or might
(إذا + ماضي + would, could or might)
"If I got a pay rise, I would buy a new car."
إذا حصلت على زيادة في الراتب فسأشتري سيارة
"If you left your job, you could travel around the world."
"If you were nicer to him, he might lend you the money."
In these sentences, the first part with if shows that the event is unlikely to happen. In English, we often use this type of sentence (called a second conditional) to talk about hypotheses, or imaginary future events.
For example, "If I was President of the United States, I would change some laws." إذا كنت رئيس الولايات المتحدة الامريكية ، فإني ساغير بعض القوانين
But I know that I'll never be the President of the USA - I'm just saying what I would do if I was in his/her position. Note: in American English, it is correct to use "if I were…" In British English, it's more common to say "if I was…"
Fourth: If + past perfect + would/might/could have done
(إذأ + ماضي تام + would/might/could have done )
"If we had gone out earlier, we might have got to the cinema on time."
إذا كنا ذهبنا مبكرين ، كان يمكن ان نصل الى السينما في الوقت المناسب
"If I had revised, I would have passed my exams."
"If you had told me there was a problem, I could have helped."
In these sentences (or third conditional sentences), the first part of the sentence with if didn't happen. So there is no possibility of the second part of the sentence happening. I didn't revise, so I didn't pass my exams and there is nothing I can do about it now. English speakers use this type of sentence to show how things could have been different.
Goooooooooooooood Luck
